Math Puzzle: Test the Discovery

Jovan has made the following discovery for three consecutive natural numbers:

If you multiply the first number by the third, the result is 1 less than the square of the middle number.

Example:

4, 5, 6: 4 × 6 = 52 – 1 = 24

7, 8, 9: 7 × 9 = 82 – 1 = 63

10, 11, 12: 10 × 12 = 112 – 1 = 120

Does this rule apply to all natural numbers?

Yes, the rule applies to all natural numbers.

For the natural numbers a, a + 1 and a + 2, the following applies:

a × (a + 2) = (a + 1)2 – 1

The terms on both sides of the equation are equivalent:

a2 + 2a = a2 + 2a + 1 – 1

a2 + 2a = a2 + 2a

No matter which natural number you use in the equation, the rule always applies.

We’d love to hear from you! E-mail us at games@sciam.com to share your experience.

This puzzle originally appeared in Spektrum der Wissenschaft and was reproduced with permission.

Hans-Karl Eder is a German mathematician, educator and author who also works as a MINT ambassador to get young people interested in mathematics, computer science, natural sciences and technology.

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